Tuesday, March 17, 2015
Classification of Penicillin with source and function
Classification of Penicillin
According to the source :
A) Natural penicillin
Oral: (1) Phenoxy-methyl-penicillin ( Penicillin- v), (2) Phenethicillin
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B) Semisynthetic penicillin (β-lactamase resistance)
1) Narrow spectrum penicillin ( penicillinase resistance ):
Oxacillin ,Cloxacillin, Flucloxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Nafcillin, Methicillin
2) Broad spectrum penicillin :
a) Penicillin which are active against both Gram (+ve) and Gram (-ve) bacteria and also effective apart from the organism (H. influenza, E.coli) sensitive to penicillin-G:
Ampicillin, Amoxacillin, Hetacillin.
b) Penicillin having borader actions than the above group :
Carbenicillin, Tricarcillin, Azlocillin
c) Newer penicillin :
Mezlocillin, Pivmecillin, Piperacillin .
According to the duration of action :
1) Short acting penicillin (4-6 hours) : most of the penicillin:
Ampicillin, Amoxacillin , Penicillin-V, Penicillin-G, Hetacillin, Carbenicillin, Tricarcillin , Azlocillin, Mezlocillin, Piperacillin.
2) Long acting penicillin :
Benzyl penicillin (7-30 days ), Benethamine penicillin (2-3 days), Procaine penicillin (12-24hours)
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